| 钢结构屋面漏水的原因及防治措施 |
| 添加时间：2018/1/4 17:18:57 浏览次数： |
| 一、钢结构屋面形式 I. roofing form of steel structure 建筑屋面作为建筑最上面的承重和外围护结构，它的围护作用和立面造型作用对整个建筑而言至关重要，是轻型钢结构围护系统最易发生漏水的重要部位。其主要作用是能抵抗风、雨、雪的侵袭及太阳的辐射，并承受屋顶的自重和屋顶上的风、雪以及上人的荷载 Building roof as bearing and building external envelope structure at the top of the enclosure, it is very important to the entire facade and building, is an important part of the light steel structure bracing system most prone to the Water Leakage. Its main function is to resist the wind, rain, snow and solar radiation, and bear the weight of the roof and the roof of the wind, snow and the upper reaches of the load [1]、轻型钢结构屋顶根据所用材料大致有彩色压型钢板、彩色钢板夹芯板、多彩油毡瓦、各种轻质屋面板、GRC板、金属拱形波纹屋面、复合压型钢板等多种类型 [1], light steel structure roof according to the materials used are color steel plate, color steel sandwich panels, shingles, a variety of colorful light roof panel, GRC board, arched corrugated metal roof, composite steel plate and other types [2]、轻型钢结构屋面及墙面材料主要选用彩色压型板或夹芯板。彩色压型板的链接既有3600卷边板、暗扣板搭接连接，也有打钉板。檩条为自重较轻的薄壁C型或Z型钢檩条，屋面坡度设计一般为1/10～1/15。 [2], light steel structure, roofing and wall materials are mainly made of color pressure plate or sandwich board. The color pressing plate is linked with 3600 roll side plates, a blind gusset plate, a lap joint, and a nail plate. For type C or Z thin wall purlin type steel purlin has light weight, roof slope design is generally 1/10 ~ 1/15. 二、屋面板的连接 Two. Roof panel connection 钢结构体系建筑屋面板在屋面上有长向连接和侧向连接两种。长向连接主要是搭接，即上坡板压下坡板，搭接处设置专用防水密封胶加固定专用压条，而侧向连接的方式目前主要有以下三种： 2.1 搭接连接； 2.2 暗扣式连接； 2.3 咬合暗扣式连接； Steel structure system building roof panel on the roof with long - way connection and lateral connection two kinds. The connection is mainly to long lap, namely uphill downhill ski plate, set up special waterproof sealant joint with special fixed layering, lateral connection mode and at present there are three main types: 2.1 lap joints; 2.2 button type connection; 2.3 occlusion type connection button; 三、各部位漏水原因分析及解决方案 Three, leakage of various parts of the cause analysis and Solutions 屋面维护系统漏水按部位归结起来主要分布如下： The roof maintenance system leaks as part, mainly as follows: 屋脊部位 Ridge position ★ 漏水原因：屋脊处波峰太高，屋脊盖板无法保证防水；纵向搭接不放胶泥或硅胶，形成缝隙而漏水；屋脊盖板纵向搭接用铆钉连接，热胀冷缩强度不够而拉断铆钉，形成漏水；屋脊盖板与屋面板之间不敷设堵头，或堵头放置不规范而脱落形成漏水。 The reason: at the ridge crest. Water Leakage is too high, can not guarantee the waterproof roof cover plate; the longitudinal joints on clay or silica gel, the formation of cracks and longitudinal joints with Water Leakage; roof cover rivet connection, thermal expansion and contraction of tensile strength is not enough rivets, formed between the cover plate and the roof Water Leakage; roof plate laying plug or plug placed the specification and off the formation of Water Leakage. ★ 解决办法：屋脊盖板做宽些，另外坡度找大点；搭接处敷设胶泥或硅胶；更换缝合钉；堵头应与板型板匹配，堵头敷设时应上下放胶泥或硅胶。 This solution: the roof cover wide, in addition to find a large slope point joint; laying cement or silica gel; replacement suture nail; plug should match the plate plate, the plug should be laid on decentralization of clay or silica gel. 屋面气楼部位 The roof floor area ★ 漏水原因：气楼与屋面交接处收边下未放置泡沫堵头，且收边纵向搭接未敷设胶泥或硅胶；屋面外板在气楼交接处未上板；气楼结构支柱开孔部位未做防水处理；气楼自身制作、安装存在漏水隐患。 The reason: * Water Leakage junction edge and clerestory roof under not placed foam plug, and edge longitudinal lap not laying clay or silica gel; the outer plate is not on the board on the roof floor junction; floor structure pillar hole site without waterproofing; its manufacture and installation are Water Leakage gas hazard. ★ 解决办法：收边安装前应敷设泡沫堵头，纵向搭接须设置胶泥或堵头并用缝合钉固定；气楼安装前必须将屋面板上扳；要求气楼施工方在气楼结构完成后必须将开孔部位进行防水处理；对气楼安装质量和防水性进行查验。 This solution: edge before installing the foam plug, the longitudinal joints shall be provided or cement plug and screw fixation with suture; floor must be installed before the roof panel upwards; floor construction will require opening of the waterproofing structure must be completed on the floor; and the installation quality of waterproof floor check. 采光板部位 Light plate position ★ 漏水原因：采光板板型与屋面板板型不吻合，采光板两侧波峰高于屋面板，安装后，密封过严形成采光板内外气压差，毛细水从采光板两侧缝隙进入屋面内部漏水；采光板纵向搭接长度不够，且胶泥老化失去粘性；纵向胶泥脱落；采光板和彩钢板之间为刚性搭接，中间的缝隙未密封。 The reason. Water Leakage: lighting slab and roof slab with lighting plate on both sides of the roof panel above the crest, after installation, seal strict form lighting plate inside and outside pressure difference, capillary water from both sides of the gap into the roof plate internal Water Leakage; lighting plate longitudinal lap length is not enough, and the cement aging loss of viscous cement; longitudinal shedding; rigid lap between plate and color steel plate, the middle of the gap is not sealed. ★ 解决办法：防水螺钉施打在波峰上部；采光板处的收边板应与采光板密封牢固，纵向两侧胶泥要加宽，并铺设波峰上部，防止毛细水渗入。 This solution: waterproof construction in the upper part of the crest screw; the receiving side plate of the lighting board should be firmly sealed with the lighting board, vertical sides of clay to widen, and laying the upper crest, prevent capillary water infiltration. 屋面开孔部位 Opening position of roof ★ 漏水原因：开孔未按设计节点进行防水处理，钢堵头放置未敷设防水胶泥和硅胶；开孔四周预留范围较小，雨水流淌不畅，容易积水；开孔四周包边搭接未进行防水处理；开孔内部四周未加结构件，形成低凹积水；防水施工存在阻水现象，形成积水。 The reason. Water Leakage hole according to the node design of waterproofing, steel plug placed without laying waterproof clay and silica gel; about the opening for a smaller range, the rain flowing is not smooth, easy to water; opening lap without wrapping around the waterproof treatment; opening around without internal structure, the formation of low water; water the construction of existing water blocking, formation water. ★ 解决办法：按设计图纸施工并严格施工工序，敷设胶泥、硅胶；开孔四周预留范围必须满足排水要求；墙面、屋面开孔后必须随后进行防水处理；后增围护开孔尽量要增设檩条或角钢结构，减小围护变形；防水施工安装必须严密、平整，使水流顺畅。 This solution: according to the design drawings and strict construction process, laying clay, silica gel; holes around the reserved range must meet the requirements of wall and roof drainage; holes must be followed by water treatment; increase after retaining hole should be added or reduced steel purlin structure, wall deformation; waterproof construction installation must be strict, smooth, make water flow smoothly. 檐口部位 Cornice parts ★ 漏水原因：檐口部位是漏水问题的主要根源，屋面外板安装未加泡沫堵头，屋面外板未下扳；墙面外板长度不足，且檐口部位未加防水收边。 The reason. Water Leakage: cornice parts is the main cause Water Leakage problem, roof plate installation without foam plug, the roof plate is not pulling; wall plate length, and without waterproof edge cornice parts. ★ 解决办法：屋面外板安装时应同时放置泡沫堵头，且将屋面外板下扳30度；檐口处应按设计要求增设收边。 This solution: roof plate should be installed at the same time placed foam plug, and the roof plate under the pull of 30 degrees; specially at the design requirements should be added edge. 天沟部位 Gutter position ★ 漏水原因：内天沟焊接接头存在缝隙，形成渗水；天沟和雨水管管径设计过小，与厂房坡长不匹配；天沟端部没有做封头板；屋面外板伸入天沟长度不足，水会倒流入厂房内部。 The reason: there are gaps in the * Water Leakage gutter welding joint formation seepage; gutter and rain water pipe diameter design is too small, not long, and the plant slope; the end part of the gutter without head plate; roof plate into the gutter long enough water will be poured into the internal plant. ★ 解决办法：适当加大天沟深度，让天沟雨水不超过搭接缝。 This solution: gutter depth increasing, let rain gutter does not exceed the joint. 砖墙与轻钢屋面连接部位 Brick wall and light steel roof connection ★ 漏水原因：该部位容易形成漏水隐患, 屋面板与水泥墙面结合处漏水，主要原因为应力不同步而引起硅酮胶与粘接面开裂而漏水。 The reason: the site is easy to form. Water Leakage Water Leakage hidden roof panel and cement wall junction Water Leakage, the main reason for the stress induced by non synchronous silicone rubber and adhesive surface cracking and Water Leakage. ★ 解决办法：防止温度变形，采用两次收边连接处理；与砖墙体连接时，收边应有一定角度，并完全密封；收边间应预打密封胶。 This solution: to prevent the temperature deformation, the two edge connected; connected with the brick wall, the edge should have a certain angle, and completely sealed; the edge should be pre sealant. 四、维护系统其它漏水原因分析 Four 、 maintenance system other water leakage reason analysis 设计原因 Design reasons ①屋面雨水系统未按规范设置溢流措施，暴雨强度超过雨水系统排放能力时就会超过搭接缝，甚 The roof rainwater system does not set up overflow measures according to the specifications. When the rainstorm intensity exceeds the discharge capacity of the rainwater system, it will exceed the seam |
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